After that I run bitbake -k console-tdx-image and bitbake -k console-tdx-image -c populate_sdk. The built SDK was installed successfully but it is missing the crucial qmake. Nothing in sysroots/x86_64-tdxsdk-linux/usr/bin/qt5/qmake or in sysroots/x86_64-tdxsdk-linux/usr/bin/qmake.
For everybody who will be struggling as I, you can use this tutorial (from 06 Jan 2020), but there are few changes. There is no qtquick1 in 3.0 so just leave it.
The second step needs to be done before starting the bitbake process, as mentioned you need to add inherit populate_sdk_qt5 to the image you are building. I’m building the console-tdx-image, so I added it its image recipe ~/oe-core/layers/meta-toradex-demos/recipes-images/images/console-tdx-image.bb
Run bitbake and thats all.
P.S. qmake will be in this version no longer located at /usr/local/oecore-x86_64/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/bin/qt5/qmake but at /opt/tdx-x11/2.6.4/sysroots/x86_64-tdxsdk-linux/usr/bin/qmake