Greetings @mmccullotn,
Well if you are trying to avoid recovering and re-installing the system then there’s one method I can think of that might work.
First interrupt the boot process so you have access to the U-Boot prompt. Then in that prompt run ums 0 mmc 0. What this command does is turns the internal eMMC into a mountable USB-like device. Via USB OTG you can then edit the overlays.txt file from your development PC, and remove your bad overlay to allow the system to boot again.
Best Regards,
Jeremias